Dynamic testing is the type where you have to execute the code and test the product while the code execution is in process. In white-box testing , you have most of the information about the product.
White-box testing is mostly used to make the code better. Finding inefficiencies in code, poor coding practices, unnecessary lines of code are identified in this type of testing. Most of the code optimization and security fixes happen as a result of this testing. It rather focuses on how it can be made better. You can make a lot of improvements to your product but the last few steps to make it perfect is difficult.
Making it perfect requires a thorough inspection. This is known as static testing. In this type of testing, you have partial information about the product. But your partial knowledge of the product would help you identify such bugs. Like any other process, software testing can also be divided into different phases. This sequence of phases is often known as the software testing life cycle.
Every process starts with planning. In this phase, you collect all the required details about the product. You collect a list of tasks that has to be tested first.
Then you have the prioritize your checklist of tasks. If a complete team is involved, then division of tasks can also be done in this phase. Once you know what you have to do, you have to build the foundation for testing.
This includes preparing the test environment, collecting test-cases, researching product features and test-cases. Gathering tools and techniques for testing and getting familiar with them should also be done here. This is when you actually run tests on the product. You execute test-cases and collect the results. Then you compare the results with the expected result and see if the product is working as expected or not.
You make a note of all the successful and failed tests and test-cases. This is the last phase of software testing where you have to document all your findings and submit it to the concerned personnel. Test-case failures are of most interest here.
A proper and clear explanation of tests run and outputs should be mentioned. For complex tests, steps to reproduce the error, screenshots, and whatever is helpful should be mentioned. As we know, in the current age of machines, everything that involves manual effort is slowly automated.
And the same thing is happening in the testing domain. There are two different ways of performing software testing—manual and automation.
Manual labor in any field requires a lot of time and effort. Manual testing is a process in which testers examine different features of an application. Here, the tester performs the process without using any tools or test scripts. Without using any automated tools, testers perform execution of different test cases.
Finally, they generate a test report. Quality assurance analysts test the software under development for bugs. They do so by writing scenarios in an excel file or QA tool and testing each scenario manually. But in automated testing, testers use scripts for testing thus automating the process. Many teams try to either strictly follow the standard testing process or completely throw it out the window instead of working it into the Agile testing lifecycle of software development process.
Instead, the focus really has to change to developing the test cases and test scenarios up front , before any code is even written and to shrink the test process into a smaller iteration, just like we do when we develop software in an Agile way.
This just means that we have to chop things up into smaller pieces and have a bit of a tighter feedback loop. Instead of spending a large amount of time up front creating a testing plan for the project and intricately designing test cases, teams have to run the testing process at the feature level. Each feature should be treated like a mini-project and should be tested by a miniature version of the testing process, which begins before any code is even written. In fact, ideally, the test cases are created before the code is written at all—or at least the test design, then the development of both the code and the test cases can happen simultaneously.
Since new software is released on very short iterations, regression testing becomes more and more important, thus automated testing becomes even more critical. In my perfect world of Agile testing, automated tests are created before the code to implement the features is actually written—truly test driven development—but, this rarely happens in reality.
What about you, the software developer? What is your role in all this testing stuff? One of the big failings of software development teams is not getting developers involved enough or taking enough ownership for, testing and the quality of their own code. Instead, you should absolutely make it your responsibility to find and fix the bugs before your code goes into testing. The reason is fairly simple. The further along in the development of software a bug is found, the more expensive it is to fix.
If you test your own code thoroughly and find a bug in that code before you check it in and hand it over to QA, you can quickly fix that bug and perhaps it costs an extra hour of time.
A development manager decides that the bug is severe enough for you to work on and the bug is assigned to you. The tester goes back and checks that the bug is actually fixed and marks the defect as resolved.
Ok, so by now, hopefully, you have a decent idea of what testing is, the purpose of testing, what kinds of testing can be done and your role in that whole process. Black-box testing sounds a whole lot like functional testing. Oh, and also the same question for regression testing versus automated testing.
Many of these testing terms are basically the same thing. Sometimes I feel like the whole testing profession feels the need to invent a bunch of terminology and add a bunch of complexity to something that is inherently simple.
To address some of the specifics. Data Structures. Operating System. Computer Network. Compiler Design. Computer Organization. Discrete Mathematics. Ethical Hacking. Computer Graphics. Software Engineering. Web Technology. Cyber Security. C Programming. Control System. Data Mining. Data Warehouse.
Javatpoint Services JavaTpoint offers too many high quality services. What is Software Testing Software testing is a process of identifying the correctness of software by considering its all attributes Reliability, Scalability, Portability, Re-usability, Usability and evaluating the execution of software components to find the software bugs or errors or defects.
What is Testing Testing is a group of techniques to determine the correctness of the application under the predefined script but, testing cannot find all the defect of application. This chapter briefly describes the methods available. The technique of testing without having any knowledge of the interior workings of the application is called black-box testing.
The tester is oblivious to the system architecture and does not have access to the source code. Typically, while performing a black-box test, a tester will interact with the system's user interface by providing inputs and examining outputs without knowing how and where the inputs are worked upon.
White-box testing is the detailed investigation of internal logic and structure of the code. White-box testing is also called glass testing or open-box testing. In order to perform white-box testing on an application, a tester needs to know the internal workings of the code. Grey-box testing is a technique to test the application with having a limited knowledge of the internal workings of an application.
In software testing, the phrase the more you know, the better carries a lot of weight while testing an application. Mastering the domain of a system always gives the tester an edge over someone with limited domain knowledge.
Unlike black-box testing, where the tester only tests the application's user interface; in grey-box testing, the tester has access to design documents and the database. Having this knowledge, a tester can prepare better test data and test scenarios while making a test plan.
The following table lists the points that differentiate black-box testing, grey-box testing, and white-box testing. There are different levels during the process of testing.
In this chapter, a brief description is provided about these levels. Levels of testing include different methodologies that can be used while conducting software testing.
This is a type of black-box testing that is based on the specifications of the software that is to be tested. The application is tested by providing input and then the results are examined that need to conform to the functionality it was intended for.
Functional testing of a software is conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified requirements. An effective testing practice will see the above steps applied to the testing policies of every organization and hence it will make sure that the organization maintains the strictest of standards when it comes to software quality.
This type of testing is performed by developers before the setup is handed over to the testing team to formally execute the test cases. Unit testing is performed by the respective developers on the individual units of source code assigned areas. The developers use test data that is different from the test data of the quality assurance team. The goal of unit testing is to isolate each part of the program and show that individual parts are correct in terms of requirements and functionality.
Testing cannot catch each and every bug in an application. It is impossible to evaluate every execution path in every software application.
The same is the case with unit testing. There is a limit to the number of scenarios and test data that a developer can use to verify a source code. After having exhausted all the options, there is no choice but to stop unit testing and merge the code segment with other units. Integration testing is defined as the testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function correctly. Integration testing can be done in two ways: Bottom-up integration testing and Top-down integration testing.
This testing begins with unit testing, followed by tests of progressively higher-level combinations of units called modules or builds. In this testing, the highest-level modules are tested first and progressively, lower-level modules are tested thereafter.
In a comprehensive software development environment, bottom-up testing is usually done first, followed by top-down testing. The process concludes with multiple tests of the complete application, preferably in scenarios designed to mimic actual situations.
System testing tests the system as a whole. Once all the components are integrated, the application as a whole is tested rigorously to see that it meets the specified Quality Standards. This type of testing is performed by a specialized testing team.
System testing is the first step in the Software Development Life Cycle, where the application is tested as a whole. The application is tested thoroughly to verify that it meets the functional and technical specifications. The application is tested in an environment that is very close to the production environment where the application will be deployed. System testing enables us to test, verify, and validate both the business requirements as well as the application architecture.
Whenever a change in a software application is made, it is quite possible that other areas within the application have been affected by this change. Regression testing is performed to verify that a fixed bug hasn't resulted in another functionality or business rule violation.
The intent of regression testing is to ensure that a change, such as a bug fix should not result in another fault being uncovered in the application. Testing the new changes to verify that the changes made did not affect any other area of the application. The QA team will have a set of pre-written scenarios and test cases that will be used to test the application.
More ideas will be shared about the application and more tests can be performed on it to gauge its accuracy and the reasons why the project was initiated.
Acceptance tests are not only intended to point out simple spelling mistakes, cosmetic errors, or interface gaps, but also to point out any bugs in the application that will result in system crashes or major errors in the application.
By performing acceptance tests on an application, the testing team will reduce how the application will perform in production. There are also legal and contractual requirements for acceptance of the system.
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